Effect of temperature and pour point depressant on the rheology of indian waxy crude oil. Relationship between waxy crude oil composition and change in. Types and application of pour point depressant of crude oil. Pour point depressant market size, share industry growth. Standard test method for pour point of petroleum products1. Based on the analysis of fushan crude oil physical. Relationship between waxy crude oil composition and change. Use of novel pour point depressant synthesized from vegetable.
A process for reducing the pour point of a crude oil which comprises adding a pour point depressant selected from the group consisting of a raw tar sands bitumen and hydrotreated tar sands bitumen to form a blend possessing a relatively lower pour point. Paper open access research and existing problems of pour. Pourpoint depression of crude oils by addition of tar sand. The market demand for ppd has witnessed a significant rise over the past few years in the automotive industry. The compatibility of these additives with either com. Hexatriethanolamine oleate esters as pour point depressant. Mar 01, 2011 the morphology and structure of wax crystals is one of the most important factors influencing flow properties of waxy crude oils. A procedure for testing the pour point of crude oils is described in test method d5853. To reduce the operating cost during production of waxy crude oil and for lowering the energy consumption and ensuring safety and cost effectiveness in pipeline. Pour point depressant an overview sciencedirect topics. Studies of poly ethylene acrylic acid derivatives as pour point. The pour point depressant ppd improves flow properties of waxy crude oil by modifying the morphology and structure of wax crystals, and this modification, i.
As a result, the wax crystals become more compact with less liquid oil in the threedimension structure. The pourpoint depressant ppd improves flow properties of waxy crude oil by modifying the morphology and structure of wax crystals, and this modification, i. Active, expires 20260320 application number us11547,349 other versions us20070161519a1. Preparation and evaluation of polymeric pour point depressant. The efficiency of these copolymers as pour point depressants is quite good as there is a reduction of the pour point temperature from 27 to 6c, depending on the composition and the location of the crude oil tested. A wide variety of crude oil pour point depressant options are available to you, such as application. High pour points usually occur in crude oils that have significant paraffin content. Global pour point depressant ppd market is predicted to register a cagr of 3. Pour point depressant, pour point,heattreatment temperature,fushan crude oil abstract.
Preparation and evaluation of some surfactants as pour point. Crude samples were obtained from the eastern oil a, rudrasagar and western gandhar, south kadi, kosamba and ankleshwar parts of the country of which three crude oils. The paes were used as pour point depressant for crude oil from yumen oil field. Composition of pour point depressant viscosity reducer of crude oil in china.
Pdf research and existing problems of pour point depressant. Waxy crude oil distributes in many countries such as china. Pour point depressants ptcppd010 pour point depressant. Effect of pour point depressant on wax deposition and drag. Investigation into the flow assurance of waxy crude oil by. Research and existing problems of pour point depressantviscosity.
Synthesis of crude oil pour point depressants via polycondensation of cashew nut shell liquids. Keeping this in view, experimental works were carried out to study the variation of rheological properties of indian waxy crude oil without or with fatty acid ester, a pour point depressant. As leaders in the industry, clariant refinery services offers a broad range of pour point depressants designed to meet the customers specifications in a variety of streams and applications like transport of crudes, middle distillates including heating oil, heavy oils, waxy components and biodiesel or in marine diesel blends. Chemical additives are improved by reducing the freezing point of crude oil, reducing the viscosity of crude oil and reducing the flow resistance.
However, the pour pointthe temperature below which crude oil becomes plastic and will not flowis important to recovery and transport and is always determined. Impacts of viscosity, density and pour point to the wax. The pour point for oil can be determined under protocols set forth in the astm d97 pour point test, in which the pour point is established as that temperature at which oil ceases to flow when the sample is held at 90 degrees to the upright for five seconds. It was found that the ester compounds were efficient as both pour point depressants and flow improvers for the crude oil tested 51. Pour point depressants evonik oil additives evonik industries. Pour point depressants ptcppd010 pour point depressant for. The most efficient products are within the hyperbranched polyamines, such as disperbyk2150. According to the table 2, the highest pour point is dulang and the lowest pour point is tapis. May 30, 2019 pour point depressant are widely used for improving the low temperature fluidity of crude oil along with preventing the generation of waxy crystalline clusters. General application ptppd010 improves the fluidity of very waxy crude oils so that they can be pipelined at temperature below.
There are a range of manual and automatic industryadopted methods that are used to measure the pour point of an oil, which are upheld and approved by the international standards organisation, astm international. In this paper, the prepared surfactants were evaluated as pour point depressant flow improver for waxy crude oils with different wax and asphaltene content. The effect of pour point depressant varies widely with respect to the oil but they are most effective with thinner oils such as sae 10, sae 20, and sae 30 grades. The influence of nanocomposite pour point depressant on the. Hence, rheological characterization of crude oils from eight major producing fields was conducted using two commercial pour point depressants ppd obtained from thermax. The background of using the pour point depressant is that wax precipitation causes several challenges during oil extraction and pipeline transport of waxy crude oils, including wax deposition, plugging of the pipeline and damage to the oil drilling equipment, which, collectively, adversely impacts pipeline performance. The aminated copolymer was synthesized by amination of terpolymer copolymerized with monomers octadecyl acrylate, maleic anhydride, and vinyl acetate. Manufacturer of pour point depressant offered by ganesh benzoplast limited, mumbai, maharashtra. Astm d97 17b standard test method for pour point of.
A newly synthesized pour point depressant ppd was used to decrease the wax deposition thickness and drag force during a waxy crude oil flow in two horizontal pipes of length 2. Advances in the research of polymeric pour point depressant for. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed. When an automatic instrument is used, the astm test method designation number specific to the technique shall be reported with the results. Pdf synthesis of crude oil pourpoint depressants via. Pour point analysis for the viscosity measurements of oils. Dimer and trimer form of ethanolamine were esterified with oleic acid to prepare the corresponding monoester hafiz and abdou, 2003. The products were evaluated as pour point depressant and flow improver on the akholjuni crude oil gujarat, india. For measuring the pour point of petroleumbased oils, the standard tests are astm d97 and astm d5949. Addition of pour point depressants to the oil to improve the extract efficiency is an effective way to prevent the generation of waxy crystalline clusters. A newstyle pour point depressant ppd for crude oil was prepared by mixing the aminated copolymer and the composite commercial ethylenevinyl acetate copolymers eva in fixed proportion. Polymeric wax inhibitors and pour point depressants for waxy crude oils. Studies of poly ethylene acrylic acid derivatives as pour point depressants of waxy crude oils. Wetting and dispersing products these products also show a reduction in crude pour point, in spite of the fact, they were developed for a different industry.
Analysis of pour point of vegetable oils and effect of. The dose of pour point depressants in neat waxy crude oil was varied upto 750 ppm and temperature was varied from 60oc to 40oc. Us7942941b2 pour point depressant additives for oil. Ppd pour point depressant is the crude oil flow improver. The pour point of a liquid is the temperature below which the liquid loses its flow characteristics. Pour point depressants ptcppd010 pour point depressant for pipeline transportation of waxy crude oil description ptppd010 is a blend of ashless organic polymers in xylene as a petroleum solvent. In crude oil, a high pour point is generally associated with a high paraffin content, typically found in crude deriving from a larger proportion of plant material astm standard d5949, 2003. Crude and fuel handling today as leaders in the industry, clariant refinery services offers a broad range of pour point depressants designed to meet the customers specifications in a variety of streams and applications like transport of crudes, middle distillates including heating oil, heavy oils, waxy components and biodiesel or in marine diesel blends. Pdf polymeric wax inhibitors and pour point depressants. However, understanding based on wax crystal lattice parameter is still lacking to explain the microscopic interaction mechanism between wax oil and nanocomposite pour point depressant. Point depressants ppds flow improvers are used as chemical additives when transporting crude oils at temperature below their wax appearance temperature. In the further study, the effect of the concentration on the pour point was investigated. The pour point and rheological behaviour of the crude oil with these prepared. Development and property evaluation of fj2 crude oil pour.
Astm d5853 17a standard test method for pour point of crude. Pdf polymeric wax inhibitors and pour point depressants for. Pdf effects of pour point depressant of evanano mmt. This research can be the basis for designing or selecting a molecule for use as a pour point depressant in accordance with the characteristics of crude oil, particularly since each source of crude. Effects of pourpoint depressants on indian crude oils. The effects of ppd on wats, abnormal points, pour points, rheological properties and waxcrystal morphology were studied in detail in this paper. Without the proper selection and treat rate of a pour point depressant, a mineral oil lubricant formulation will exhibit poor lowtemperature properties, leading, in. Investigation into a pour point depressant for shengli. It is defined as the minimum temperature in which the oil has the ability to pour down from a beaker. Pour point depressant ppd has been continuously injected into the oil production manifold handling high pour point crude to cause the formation of a sufficiently weak gel in the subsea pipeline to enable restart after a long shutin. Pdf paraffin precipitation during pipeline transport of waxy crude oils gives rise to several challenges, including wax deposition, flow reduction. Optimization of pour point depressant treating rates for. The surface properties of these prepared surfactants were studied.
The main components of pour point depressant viscosity reducer include ethyleneacrylate copolymer, ethylenevinyl acetatesodium allylsulfonate copolymer, vinyl acetateacrylate maleic anhydride. Ptppd010 improves the fluidity of very waxy crude oils so that they can be pipelined at temperature below their natural pour points and. The crude oil in hainan fushan oilfield has the characteristics of high pour point pp and bad low temperature flow properties. Effect of 250 ppm pour point depressant on the rheological behaviour ofwaxy crude oil at. The method which used to solve the problem of paraffin deposit is adding chemical additive. Research into the effects of pourpoint depressant on. Effects of pour point depressant of evanano mmt composites on changqing crude oil. The objective of adding pour point depressant is to improve the fluidity of crude oil.
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